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Calculations
Tentative Sizing
Online thermal calculator for tentative sizing.Evaluate the number of shells to be used in series and a tentative heat exchange area needed for the specified duty. This is a starting point to use in the iterative Thermal Rating calculations.
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Thermal Rating
Thermal Rating for a Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger.Online calculators to perform iterative thermal rating calculations for shell and tube heat exchangers. The calculators are quite sophisticated and, although they have been made user friendly, require sufficient knowledge of Heat Exchangers. Will save you an incredible amount of calculation work.
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Heat Transfer Coefficient Inside a Tube
Calculation for the inside heat transfer coefficient for a tube.Performs online calculation for the heat transfer coefficient inside the tube and the pressure drop. To get both is convenient to obtain a compromise between the heat transfer and pressure drop.
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Information
Typical U - values
Typical Overall Heat Transfer coefficients (U) for Heat Exchangers.This is a tabulation that can be used as an initial value for the Tentative Sizing online thermal calculator.
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Fouling
Description of fouling mechanisms. Tips for decreasing the buildup
and cleaning the surface are provided.Link to information Information in New Window
Typical Fouling Factors
Tabulation of Fouling Factors for several fluids and applications.Link to information Information in New Window
Fluid Allocation
The allocation of the fluids on the shell or tube side is a decision that
can have a significant impact on the performance,
economics and maintainability of a heat exchanger. Some general guidelines
and considerations are provided on this page.Link to information Information in New Window
Standard Tubesizes
Tabulation of the standard US tube sizes, BWG and wall thicknesses.Link to information Information in New Window
Recommended Tube Layout Pitch
Tabulation of the standard US tube sizes and the recommended pitch.Link to information Information in New Window
TEMA Designation
An overview of the TEMA designation describing type of Heat Exchangers.Link to information Information in New Window
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Related Links
Tubesheet layout and Count calculation
A calculation provided by Red-Bag Engineers and Consultants. Provides the tube count and Outer
Tube Limit (OTL) based on the internal shell diameter, tube data and the number of passes.Link Open in New Window
Heat Transfer Research, Inc.
Heat Transfer Research, Inc. (HTRI), an international consortium founded in 1962, conducts
research on industrial-scale heat transfer equipment, develops software modeling
and simulation tools. They call themselves the premier provider of heat transfer
technology.Link Open in New Window
Verein Deutsche Ingenieure
The Verein der Deutsche Ingenieure (VDI) is very well known for the "Waermeatlas",
which provides a wealth of physical data and calculation methods.Link Open in New Window
Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association, inc.
The Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association, or TEMA, is a group of leading
manufacturers who have pioneered the research and development of heat exchangers
for over fifty-five years. Link Open in New Window
Pressure Equipment Directive (PED)
The pressure equipment web-site of the European Commission.Link Open in New Window
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Literature
Heat Exchanger Design Handbook
G. F. HewittBegell House Publishers, 2002
ISBN 1567001815
Expensive but very complete reference work, 5 volumes
Process Heat Transfer
D.Q. KernMcGraw-Hill, 1950
ISBN 0070853533
Classic that is still being used everywhere
Exchanger design
K.J. BellPetro/Chem 32 (Oct) C26
Based on the Delaware research report
Final report of the co-operative Research Program on Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers
K.J. BellUniversity of Delaware
Standards of the Tubular Heat Exchangers Manufactures Association
TEMA, New York, 10786th edition
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